Retroflexed uterus. Retroversion of the uterus is also called a tipped or tilted uterus. Ultrasound showed that she had a retroflexed uterus. [ɕ ʑ]), such as the q, j and x occurring in Mandarin Chinese Background The intrauterine device is a popular form of long-acting reversible contraception. 0. An anteverted retroflexed uterine position is a common consequence of cesarean delivery but is rarely seen in other parous women, and was not seen in nulliparous women. It can lie in different positions in the pelvis, which may differ from one woman to another. It is also known as a tipped, retroflexed, or backward uterus. Liji Thomas, MD. In a retroverted uterus or retroflexed uterus the uterus is bent backwards so that the cervix is tilted upwards with respect to the vagina. 4 is a billable/specific ICD-10-CM code that can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes. The uterus generally goes up to 20mm (maximum) in thickness during the secretory phase. pbrt youth world series 2022. Menu. Pregnancy. Uterine retroversion and retroflexion videos: Uterine retroversion video by Dr Tahir A Siddqui ( consultant sonologist ) at Gujranwala, Pakistan. As the exam is obtained for the lumbar spine, hence other sequences/planes from the pelvis are not present. Some. leans forward and bends forward on itself but in the case of retroverted gravid uterus , it means the long axis of the uterus is directed backwards during pregnancy . 60. Uterine niche, also described as uterine isthmocele, caesarean scar defect and . Uterine niche is one of the emerging complications of caesarean section. In fact, very few anatomical characteristics would impact your ability to become pregnant. In these situations, doctors may choose to use a vaginal ultrasound to get a better look at the fetus. 81 and 82 demonstrate anteverted (AV) and retroverted (RV) uterus positions, respectively, each without and with a full bladder. It means that the womb tilts backwards towards the rectum or spine. There is an increase in the degree of this forward bend to some extent during early weeks of pregnancy. One of the most common acquired causes of tilted cervix is inflammation in the pelvis which may happen due to a surgery or trauma or any other problem. Russell wrote about incest occurring in 1 out of 20 homes with a natural father, 1 out of 7 with a step family. Women with a retroverted uterus may experience severe pain during or in the days leading to menstruation and. In fact, it's so common that it's considered a normal variation. However, women in whom the uterus takes an inverted, retroflexed or retroversoflex position are not uncommon. Meist bedarf das Phänomen keiner Therapie. A woman can be born with a tipped uterus, or it can become a problem after childbirth. Some conditions affecting the cervix are more common than others; some are more serious than others. It seems both can sometimes be the case, depending on the patient. There is a small (1. Workplace Enterprise Fintech China Policy Newsletters Braintrust florida real estate exam cheat sheet pdf Events Careers nurse job description and salary. This can make the baby hard to find with the traditional wand-type ultrasound. It shouldn’t interfere with your ability to conceive. Volume 38, Issue S1. Ultrasound of the genitals. Bent, curved, or turned backward. minneapolis police scanner live. As the uterus grows, the fundal axis is gradually directed from the pelvic cavity towards the abdomen and the normal position is restored after 14 weeks of gestation []. As in most women, the uterus is tilted back rather than forward and supported by the bladder. May 30, 2022 · Retroverted Gravid Uterus . Uterine incarceration is a rare, but serious, condition caused by a retroverted uterus. It also soothes pain in the lower back. It is normal to worry and wonder if, for example, the sperm will be able to effectively get inside a . Approximately 1 in 5 women has this condition. macd bb lines ninjatrader 8 . The normal position of the uterus is anteverted and anteflexion i. As a relatively free-floating organ, the uterus tends to normally bend a little forward in the abdomen. Some common signs and symptoms of a tilted uterus may include pain during sex. What is a Retroflexed uterus? A tilted uterus, also called a tipped uterus, retroverted uterus or retroflexed uterus, is a normal anatomical variation. 2) Pessary test: if symptoms are improved, the RVF is the cause of symptoms. It shouldn't interfere with your ability to conceive. A sound pronounced with the tongue in retroflex position, as the sound (r) in some varieties of English. A retroverted uterus is found in the first trimester in 15% of all pregnancies. June 8, 2022 medicinelearners Glossaries. It can make the smear test painful and even traumatic, not just embarassing. 1990s college textbooks taught that 10% of women have tipped . RESULTS. Aug 28, 2007 · A prolapsed uterus is caused by more than lax pelvic floor muscles–a prolapse occurs when there is a weakness to the cardinal and uterosacral ligaments complex. A retroflexed uterus is when the uterus is flexed backward, kind of like a backbend. A retroverted uterus may be caused by certain medical conditions like endometriosis, fibroids, or past pelvic. This is a condition during pregnancy where a retroverted uterus doesn’t shift to the anteverted position. A normal uterus is usually positioned in a straight and vertical position. Unlikely: It's very unlikely for "tilted" cervix to cause sexual difficulties (you didn't mention what kind) since most are not aware of their cervix position &amp; do just fine. A retroverted uterus is something often written on scan reports. 531. In some women whose uterus is in this leaning back or “tipped” position, menstrual pain may be increased, and there may be more discomfort deep inside during sexual . In 1986, Diana E. Los cambios en la posición del útero son importantes para las patologías de fertilidad; por ejemplo, un útero retrovertido puede proporcionar síntomas . Pregnancy in a non-communicating uterine horn mimicking incarceration with sacculation of a retroflexed uterus. Tran maintains that proper insertion . 379. An anteverted retroflexed uterus is an unusual uterine axis seen almost exclusively in women who have undergone a cesarean section. n. ‘In some women it can be caused by a condition called endometriosis, previous surgery, pelvic infection or pelvic adhesions causing tissues to stick together,’ says Shazia. The problem may also occur due to weakening of the pelvic ligaments at the time of menopause. 28-7 ). Twist and shout in the large intestine Edland and Duncan (1973) provided a classification of motives that included retaliatory abandonment, retroflexed murder, reunion, rebirth, and self-punishment. This organ nurtures the baby throughout the duration of pregnancy. With rising caesarean rates, the caesarean-related iatrogenic complications are also on the rise. Having a retroverted uterus is usually a normal anatomical variance, like having a . The uterus is an inverted pear-shaped, hollow organ where the foetus grows during pregnancy. In most cases, a retroverted uterus won’t cause any problems during pregnancy. In most women (about 8 out of 10), the top of the uterus leans toward the front of the body. It is necessary with a pronounced degree or fixed retroverted >uterus</b>. “The most common condition in women over the age of 50 is retroversion combined with retroflexion, in which both the cervix and the uterus swing backward, and the cervix lies on the rectum. This chapter is a mixed bag of a number of small yet important topics that did not fit well into other chapters, but require attention. Retroverted uterus atlanta birth care. According to my doctor, it all depends on how retroverted the uterus is. This case is important and needs to . Anteflexion: Uterus is normally slightly anteflexed. This is the American ICD-10-CM version of N85. Generally speaking, a retroverted uterus should not cause any major problems. Compared with other sounds. Pregnancy with retroverted uterus . This simple yoga asana is a must to keep a healthy uterus. Citation, DOI & article data. For more than 30 years, the smear test has been the main defence against the scourge of cervical cancer . [ʃ ʒ]),such as the sh, ch and "zh" occurring in English words like ship, chip and vision; the alveolo-palatal sounds (e. Als Retroflexio uteri wird ein rückwärtsgeneigter Uterus bezeichnet, der entweder mobil oder fixiert sein kann. Pronounced with the tip of the tongue turned back against the roof of the mouth. g. Intrauterine device expulsion may be partial—the tip of the IUD extends through the internal os—or complete. Special tests: 1) Uterine sound: detects the position and direction of uterus in case of obesity. To clarify the meaning of these purely medical terms and evaluate their repercussions on women's fertility, it is first of all necessary to clarify some basic concepts What is a Retroflexed uterus? A tilted uterus, also called a tipped uterus, retroverted uterus or retroflexed uterus, is a normal anatomical variation. You might have heard of it by another name such as tipped uterus, retroflexed uterus or uterine retrodisplacement. The average uterus, which is also known as a woman’s womb, measures 3 to 4 inches by 2. A tipped uterus occurs when the uterus leans back toward the spine. It’s also called a tilted, tipped, backward or retroflexed uterus. The retroverted uterus (the backless) it is an abnormality in the position of the organ within the pelvic cavity and is present in about 20-30% of women. An anteverted retroflexed uterine position was found in 27% of women after cesarean delivery. The fundus is much harder to visualise in a retroverted or retroflexed uterus You might have heard of it by another name such as tipped uterus, retroflexed uterus or uterine retrodisplacement. Its diagnosis requires the use of (a) transvaginal A retroverted uterus is when the uterus is tilted back toward the rectum. Endometrium and cervical canal are defined in white. This could also be because women with tilted uteri are more likely to have endometriosis (or vice versa). If the IUD is palpated or visualized in the cervix, it should be removed and pregnancy ruled out. Anteverted retroflexed uterus is seen. However, when it is tilted, it will be positioned towards the back of the pelvis. doi: 10. The retroverted, tilted or tipped uterus points to the back rather than the front and is therefore considered a uterine abnormality. What is the meaning of normal Anteverted uterus? An anteverted uterus is perfectly normal. Certified Medical Magazine by WMA, ACSA, HON. For this reason, those who have a retroverted or retroflexed uterus may not be able to use a menstrual cup . metaphysical store owner . These include placenta accreta, scar ectopic pregnancy and uterine niche which is a newer entity being described in the recent literature. Cackovic says. Scar tissue or adhesions in the pelvis can also hold the uterus in a retroverted position. 5 inches. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine in a sequential unselected sample of nonpregnant women whether an anteverted retroflexed uterine position develops after cesarean delivery and to see whether the amount of . Means the uterus, or womb, is tipped backwards, pointing towards lower back. Ultrasound image shows greater than 15° difference in axis of cervix and body of uterus, which are both angled to right. At its most severe . Retroversion of the uterus is common. The position of the uterus (anteverted or retroverted) does not affect expulsion rates. "/> Hello, I've just visited my gyn for the first time and to my surprise she gave me the news that I have a tilted uterus . Risk factors for perforation include position of the uterus, force exerted during intrauterine device insertion, postpartum period, and breastfeeding. Those issues could include scar tissue in your uterus, which can be the result of a previous pelvic infection, or scar tissue around your fallopian tubes. Retroflexio Uteri. is costco auto program worth it reddit. So, a transvaginal imaging showcasing a thickness of 20mm and above generally indicates a possible risk of endometrial cancer. Retroversion is the condition of about 20% of women and is not, in itself, considered to be in any way harmful. The orientation of the uterus in the pelvic cavity is different from that of other women, who have an anteverted uterus. 简体版 繁體版 日本語 Login Sign Up Tools Set as Home Add Favorite Chinese English French . A healthy uterus is, therefore, a prerequisite for the healthy growth and safe delivery of the baby. In a . A retroverted uterus, or tilted uterus, is a normal genetic condition where the uterus tips backward at the cervix . retroverted uterus. Scarring may come from: Endometriosis ; Infection in <b>uterus</b> or tubes; Pelvic. 4 - other international versions of ICD-10 N85. tilted or retroflexed uterus, you may be wondering if this is a fertility problem. steel garage buildings. Having a retroverted uterus may cause the baby to lay further back into the uterus. 18. 5. [Latin *retrōflexus, past participle of retrōflectere, to bend back : retrō, retro- + flectere, to . In the first trimester, retroversion of the <b>uterus</b> is said to occur in 11% of all. Is a Retroflexed uterus bad? Doctors call this a “tilted uterus” or “retroverted uterus. jordan release dates 23 is back . Can a uterus be Anteverted and Retroflexed? CONCLUSION. Expert Answers: Retroflex, in phonetics, a consonant sound produced with the tip of the tongue curled back toward the hard palate. 692. Figs. Útero retrovertido: el ángulo entre el cuello uterino y la vagina es superior a 90 grados. Despite the fact that i’m on delivery control and was instructed my uterus . Tilted cervix is a situation where there is a sitting up of the top of the uterus towards the back instead of towards the belly or sitting up straight. 1. The retroverted uterus has been largely ignored in urogynaecological research to date. http diggzrepoddnsnet not working. Case: A 40-year-old woman, gravida 4, para 2, with an intrauterine gestation of 19 weeks presented to the emergency room complaining of inability to void for the previous 12 hours and difficulty voiding and . 3109/00016349309058168. The fundus is also perpendicular to the ultrasound beam in this position. · For many women, having a tilted or retroverted uterus doesn’t cause any symptoms at all. How do you fix a Retroflexed uterus? Pregnancy, fibroids or a tumor can cause the uterus to enlarge, and this may result in a tilted uterus. October 2011. Descriptions of flexion refer to the relationship of the body of the uterus to the cervix at the level of the internal os (usually the angle is about 270 degrees), whereas version refers to the cervical relationship to the vagina. Any organ in the abdominal cavity, which is operated upon, too can sometimes <b>cause</b> <b>tilted</b> <b>cervix</b>. 28-5 ), but it may also be retroflexed ( Fig. . For others, the angle of the uterus can cause:. Some women may experience symptoms including painful sex. The normal thickness of the endometrium in a healthy female is less than 5mm. A retroverted uterus is when the uterus is tilted back toward the rectum. The retroverted uterus is an anatomical variant of this organ that is present in 20-30% of women. The positioning of the uterus can change . Inflammation from the tissue can cause scarring, which may essentially hold someone's uterus back, keeping it from protruding too far outward, Dr. Mobile Rückwärtsneigungen sind häufig mit Schwangerschaften oder altersphysiologischen Veränderungen assoziiert und besitzen dann keinen pathologischen Wert. Although generally safe, one of the most serious complications of intrauterine device use is uterine perforation. Retroverted “tipped” uterus. A retroverted uterus is a normal variation of female pelvic anatomy in which the body of the uterus is tilted backwards (usually leans forward, i. C. They can all cause different symptoms, such as abnormal bleeding from your vagina, or may not cause any symptoms at all. The fundus is more posterior than the cervix. One in five estimated to have tilted uterus, also known as a retroverted or tipped. Other names for retroverted uterus include tipped uterus, retroflexed uterus and uterine retrodisplacement. Retroverted Uterus. A retroverted uterus may also be the result of childbirth or the . It's not quite that your bump is . With the help of ultrasound , you can study the structure of tissues. A tilted uterus has absolutely no impact on your ability to conceive or how fast you'll get pregnant. The words are used interchangeably because the cervix is a part of the uterus (it is the bottom. N85. An intrauterine device is certainly effective, but many women on internet forums wonder if IUD insertion is more painful for women with a tilted uterus. In Russian the sounds sh, zh (like the English 20. Login . Background: Acute urinary retention as a result of incarceration of a retroflexed, gravid uterus is a known phenomenon. Viparita Karani (Legs-up-the-wall pose)– This yoga exercise is the best for relieving the menstrual cramps in the uterus. (19) The GIF-P2-prototype with four-way tip control and ability to retroflex 180 degree up, 60 degree down, and 100 degree right and left was superior to GIF-P1 and CF-P-prototype for visualization of the entire esophagus . An anteverted, retroflexed uterus is a common consequence of CS and manifests with changes in the uterine angle and a more retroflexed position than after vaginal delivery [8, 9]. A retroverted uterus means the uterus is tipped backwards so that it aims towards the rectum instead of forward towards the belly. The ligaments supporting the uterus may be stretched and moved in a different direction than the uterus. These ligaments help to maintain the upper vagina and cervix in position over the levator ani muscle (also known as the pelvic diaphragm or pelvic floor muscles . Symptoms of a retroverted uterus 2022-5-10 · The retroflexed uterus can cause urinary retention. A variety of medical conditions can cause the uterus to increase in size, including pregnancy or uterine fibroids. The condition is also referred to as “ retroflexed uterus ” or “ retroverted uterus ”. 00 / 0 votes) Rate this definition: Retroflexed adjective. Methods: Mock ET simulations were conducted with a laboratory model of the uterine cavity. This means the uterus is tipped backwards so that its fundus is aimed toward the rectum. Malposition of uterus. The uterine axis was categorized as anteverted, anteverted and anteflexed, retroverted, retroverted and retroflexed, anteverted and retroflexed, retroverted and anteflexed, and axial, that is, in the same axis as the vagina. It has the shape and dimensions of an upside-down pear. The prevalence of the retroverted uterus is 79% more common in the urogynaecological patient population (34%) than in the general gynaecological population (19%). Workplace Enterprise Fintech China Policy Newsletters Braintrust local administrator rights required Events Careers mines baseball roster harry potter and amelia bones time travel fanfiction Research largely focuses on the retroverted uterus in pregnancy. This condition most commonly occurs as a normal variant of uterine position in up to 30% of women. A retroverted uterus may be caused by certain medical conditions like endometriosis, fibroids, or past pelvic surgeries. Fig. The most common position for a womb to lie in is anteverted or forwards over the bladder. Retroflexio uteri is a backward-leaning uterus that can be either mobile or fixed. . 8 cm) fibroid in the uterine fundus and another in the anterior wall. Sometimes, physical anomalies may affect the uterus affecting pregnancy and childbirth. 2017. During the second trimester of pregnancy, your uterus should tilt forward, which allows it to fully expand. 28-6 ) or retroverted ( Fig. Tilted Uterus. 4 may differ. The STANDS4 Network . Supplement: Abstracts of the 21st World Congress on Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. A tilted uterus, also called a tipped uterus, retroverted uterus or retroflexed uterus, is a normal anatomical variation. The retroverted and retroflexed uterus . 061. Sometimes myomatous nodes, bulky formations of presumably malignant origin, adhesions in the pelvic region, inflammatory tissue changes are detected. 22. According to my second last ultrasound on the . Retroverted uterus. The retroverted uterus, also called uterine retroversion, is a variant of the female anatomy. The 2022 edition of ICD-10-CM N85. A retroverted uterus, also known as a tilted uterus, is a uterus that leans or "tips" backward at the cervix. In about 25 percent of women, however, their uterus tilts backward, and this is referred to as a retroverted uterus. The cervix is the neck that leads to the uterus and often a tilted uterus is accompanied by a . anteverted) on itself to match the isthmus of the neck and lower uterine segment. American Journal of Roentgenology 203: W117-W124. ” Most of the time, a tilted uterus doesn't cause any health, fertility, or pregnancy problems. This is a natural anatomical variation of position which happens in about one quarter of women. retroflexed uterus in Chinese : 《英汉医学词典》retroflexed uterus . (I am, most days) who believe that Kegel exercises can strengthen the pelvic floor, then the. Note is made for disc dehydration and diffuse bulge at L5/SI level. H. ret·ro·flex. free emr for small practices. 6 x 1. Case Discussion. Medically, it is . In most cases, the phenomenon does not require any therapy. click for more detailed Chinese translation, meaning, pronunciation and example sentences. Mobile backward inclinations are often associated with pregnancy or age-physiological changes and then have no pathological value. sarepta 10k. A tilted uterus does not lead to infertility, but it can complicate pregnancy ⇨ Learn the causes of this anatomic alteration and the available treatments. Sexual infection causing inflammation is also another cause of tilted cervix . Ultrasound image shows cervix angled to left anteriorly. A retroverted uterus does not affect your ability to get pregnant, though it may cause pain during sex and your period. There are variable grades of uterine Does a retroverted or retroflexed uterus need treated?As per my fav Attending above, treating the possible causes of the retro uterus could very well treat its malposition. Retroflex sounds need to be distinguished from other consonants made in the same parts of the mouth (postalveolar, alveolar, or palatal): the palato-alveolar sounds (e. In the remainder, it may lean more toward the back. While the phrase ’tilted uterus’ is the most common one, other terms that mean the same condition include: Tipped uterus; Retroflexed uterus or uterine retroflexion By Dr. The uterus is a pear shaped organ that carries a developing fetus inside a woman’s body. Pages 78-78. Retroverted Uterus: What it is & How it Affects Pregnancy This article describes the causes and symptoms associated with a retroveted uterus, as well as the possible effects that the condition may have on fertility. Normally, the uterus is inclined forward at about a right angle to the vagina. However, prolapse as a risk factor has not been previously described. Uncommonly during pregnancy, a uterus Introduction. Pregnancy, fibroids or a tumor can cause the uterus to enlarge, and this may result in a tilted uterus. About 1 in 4 women, however, has a uterus that tilts backward at the cervix. (18) Examination revealed a retroflexed uterus with the cervical opening pointing toward the anterior abdominal wall. Normally, the uterus stands in a vertical position within the pelvis. · Endometriosis – Endometriosis might cause the uterus to be “pulled” and “held” in the retroverted position by endometrial tissue outside the uterus . To be honest, I'm in disbelief. Related to retroflexion of uterus: Retroverted retroflexion of uterus A condition in which the body of the uterus is bent backward at an angle with the cervix, whose position usually remains unchanged. The medical term is collision dyspareunia; when the penis hits the wall of the cervix and causes pain. Related; Information; Close Figure Viewer. A retroflexed, anteflexed, or medially placed cecum are regarded as normal anatomic variants and are frequently seen at barium enema examination. e. However, the uterus remains in a retroverted or retroflexed state due to the following reasons: endometriosis, congenital uterine . The condition is often misdiagnosed or goes undiagnosed because it doesn’t normally cause abnormal symptoms or the symptoms it does cause could be . MRI of the pelvis. How common is a retroverted uterus? A retroverted uterus is not unusual and is not defined as an abnormality. woman with retroverted retroflexed uterus. What is a retroverted uterus? A retroverted uterus curves backwards from the cervix towards the rectum, rather than tipping forwards towards the navel. If you're concerned, please write back w/more detail re . Symptoms of a retroverted . útero retroflexado: en lugar de hacia el abdomen, el útero se inclina hacia la espalda. Thus, treating endometriosis or fibroids or improving muscle tone or encouraging weight loss could very well encourage the uterus into a more mid-line or anterior position . Legs-up-the-wall is also quite simple to perform, you just need to follow proper steps to hit the right pose. At this point, it seems to be a chicken or egg thing about whether having a tilted uterus makes one more likely to develop endo or if having endo can lead to a tilted uterus. Some studies . Nwosu UC, Thatcher S Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 1993 Oct;72(7):580-2. The blue arrows in both the figures represent the transducer location on the anterior abdominopelvic wall just above the symphysis to assess the transabdominal pelvic view relative to the uterus. When a woman’s uterus has naturally developed a backward tilt towards the rectum and spine, she has a retroverted, retroflexed, or tilted uterus. In most women, the uterus tips forward at the cervix. Anteverted retroflexed uterus: A common consequence of cesarean delivery. Oh my i was informed after several appts to my gyn and pelvic ultrasounds that i've a retroverted uterus . nell 'retroverted uterus the flexion angle between the cervix and the vagina is greater than 90 °. The literature about incarcerated pregnant uterus consists . Almost 30% of women have a retroverted uterus. This means that, unlike an anteverted uterus, the lower section of the uterus is pointed backward rather than towards the belly and bladder. 81 and 82 are schematic drawings of the midsagittal pelvis. Retroverted Uterus A retroverted uterus is the name given to a uterus that is tilted backwards inside of the pelvis. The uterus can be pulled backward or held back by scar tissue resulting from endometriosis, infection, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), . Under normal conditions, the uterus assumes an antiflex and anti-ventrum position in the pelvic cavity that receives it. In some cases, a retroverted uterus may also cause urinary tract infections, urinary incontinence and trouble inserting tampons or menstrual cups. "/> The uterus is most often anteverted and anteflexed ( Fig. The normal position of the uterus is known as the anteverted position where the uterus tips forward at the cervix. A UTERUS that lies in line with the long axis of the vagina or at an angle that slopes back from this axis. Objective: To evaluate the location of transferred embryos under various parameters during embryo transfer in in vitro fertilization (IVF) by applying an in vitro experimental model for embryo transfer (ET). The most common adult uterine position is anteverted followed by a retroverted uterus which can be found in roughly 15%-20% of normal adult females [4]. The term "incarcerated gravid uterus" refers to a pregnant uterus that is trapped between the sacral promontory and pubic symphysis. This is known as an incarcerated uterus and will require treatment with pelvic exercises. 4 became effective on October 1, 2021. While a retroverted uterus doesn’t cause problems in most cases, some women experience symptoms including painful sex. 6—34-year-old woman with anteverted retroflexed uterus. This topic will discuss the pathophysiology, risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnosis, complications, and management of this rare condition. The transfer catheter was loaded with a sequence of air and liquid volumes, including development . Essentially, the name denotes the position of your uterus, nothing more. Information and translations of retroflexed in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. Webster Dictionary (0. Fixation of the uterus by adhesions is a risk factor for the rare pregnancy complications of uterine torsion, incarceration, or sacculation. The pathologies discussed include arteriovenous malformations, uterine perforation, vesicouterine fistula, retroflexed uterus, caesarean scar defect, intrauterine contraceptive device, follicular monitoring and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. 2. The uterus is a reproductive organ responsible for different functions, such as menstruation, pregnancy, and labor and delivery. retroflexed uterus

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